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Start Over Object name Open reel audiotape Object class Membranophones (drums and other instruments that produce sound via vibrating membranes)
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-146, described as Tape. Drums of the Yoruba.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-165, described as Tape: Sides A and B: Katab music. Singers and Players: Five Katam men and boys and one Kagoro man. The Kagoro man is John Aba Atuk who hums and sometimes plays the drum and the gurmi. Two boys: both sang and one played the kuntigi. Three men: one played the dzindzom, one couldn’t play anything and one sometimes beat the drum (kalangu), and sometimes struck a beer bottle with the bottle opener. Songs: Side A: (1) Song about the town of Kanay which suffered from food shortages in 1956. (2) Song about beautiful girl who had magic worked against her. (3) A song welcoming Queen Elizabeth on her visit to Nigeria. Side B: (4) Story of a girl named Ladi and her problems with a man who wanted to sleep with her but wouldn’t marry her. (5) Song about two girls who are attending school. They try to find young boys with money who will pay their way to school. The rest of the song concerns the way they got the money and what ultimately happened to them. (6) Conversation regarding the necessity of doing things the way “our forefathers did.” “Everything we do today...is nothing.” (7) Song entitled “Let’s go home.” A farewell song. For specific details see Plotnicov’s notes in the accession envelope.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-164, described as Side A: Birom Music; Songs: (1) This song tells of ancestors and their deeds. Instruments: drum and voice. (2) A song for threshing acha. (3) Planting acha song. A ceremonial song for the ceremonial planting of the first acha. (4) Another acha threshing song. These songs are a medium of gossip and ridicule; a measure of social control. (5) Ancient song about a chit (spirit). Instruments: a dried cactus with notches cut into it and rubbed with a stick. Also used is the yom shit (a zither). (6) Song of a ceremony no longer performed, associated with the fertility of women and land and marriage. Side B: Igigwe music; The instruments are drums of various sizes, rattles of seeds in grass woven pods which are tied to the dancers legs, and one-note fifes, which give an organ-like sound because the players of one orchestra have fifes of different pitches.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-167, described as Side A: Ijaw Music; recorded in Opobo Town; Various Groups performing using flutes, stick clappers, drums, rattles, and double gongs. Side B: Tiv Music; recorded at Gboko. This Tiv music was recorded on a number of tapes of which 24-167 contains the first part. Part 2 is on tape 24-168, part 3 on 24-168, part 4 and 5 are on tape 24-163. See accession card for list of songs.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-159, described as Side A: Calabar Youths Orchestra on the Second Anniversary Celebrations of the Uyo District Union. The instrumental music was played on four square-like drums (Ekomo), and a rattle of woven rattan. Side B: Songs performed by a group of seven (mixed men and women) from Onitsha Province, south of Onitsha Town. The group calls themselves the Egwu Amalabu Oyo. Instruments used: 1 block, 1 gong, 1 ceramic jar struck with the palms of the hand over the mouth, and 3 gours which are made to rattle by a net of beads covering on each. Songs: 1. Ilolo Ejum Obi (My heart is Full of Trouble). 2. Egwa Amalabu Oyo: Loving Dance- an old song slightly modified). 3. Ududu Kene Ndegu (My Instruments are Greeting the Dancers). 4. Egwu Amala Elu Noma (Farewell Song).
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-104, described as Northern Paiute songs by Gertrude Rodriguez and Gertrude Lovarez recorded by unidentified collector. Date not specified. Major sources on these Northern Paiute recordings include Angulo and Freeland (1929), Angulo and Harcourt (1931), Kelly (1932), Kroeber (1925:581-4), Loud (1929), Pietroforte (1965), Riddell (1960), Steward (1933), Stewart (1941), and Voegelin (1955-56). Two important manuscript sources are (1) Barrett's field notes for 24-1500 through 24-1545 (see Acc.400) and (2) Vennum (1984), a draft for a chapter on music among Great Basin Indians to be published in the Smithsonian Institutions's Handbook of North American Indians series. Voice cued tape (7.5 ips, half-track original) contains the following: Gambling Song (accompanied by pounding stick a) 36"; b) 55"; c) 38"; d) 39"; e) 34". f) song (with membrane-drum, title spoken in Northern Paiute) 40"; g) round dance song (accompaniment as previous) 45"; h) song w/o drum, title in Northern Paiute 50"; i) song with membrane-drum 42"; j) song in European folk style 54". Note: all but the last song are performed as duets in unison with mature voice leading and youthful one following more softly. Last item is a vocal solo by the girl. (from p. 560 Ethnographic Sound Recordings at Lowie Museum of Anthropology) Notice: Image restricted due to its potentially sensitive nature. Contact Museum to request access.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-158, described as Calabar Youths Orchestra. Sides A and B: Efik music; Song 1: Song sung on happy occasions. Song 2: Song of the Ogbon Secret Society (for men only). Song 3: Song of war. Song 4: Song with proverbial connotations. The orchestra (itembe) uses two instruments: drums (ekomah), and a rattle of calabash core covered with woven vines (uyagha(?) nsak). See accession envelope for Leonard Plotnicov’s notes regarding specific details.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-114, described as Tape. Plains Indian songs, announcement, round dance song with drum, 4 war dance songs with drum, 2 slow war dance songs with drum, fast war dance with drum, “two step” buffalo dance, snake dance, 2 round dance songs, unidentified, slow war dance songs, slow war dance, unidentified, round dance. Performed by Harvey Beartrap, Cheyenne. Harvey Pesho, Mescalero Apache. A group of Kiowas. Note: Remainder of Frank Quinn tapes are at UC Davis.
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-125, described as Tape. Jivaro / Jibaro music; Calls; Rapid male and female conversion; Greeting a stranger Bamboo trombone with variable pitch; Whistling and pulsating singing with shaker and macaw (?) imitation; Snare drum; Part-singing and woman; Man’s solo; Part-song, 2 or more men and women; Song with periodic drumming of hand sticks; part-song, men and women with animal imitations; female solo song; 2 flutes or whistles
Image Missing: Hearst Museum object titled Open reel audiotape, accession number 24-162, described as Tape. Side A: Birom Music. There are 12 selections, all are instrumental. Drums, flutes and stringed instruments. Side B: Hausa Music. 5 selections: 1-instrumental, wind instruments, flute solo etc. 2-same as 1. 3-singing to drum and string instruments. 4-same as 3. 5-primarily string instruments with singing. For specific details see the accession envelope for Leonard Plotnicov’s notes.

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